LA-ICP-MS Video	Raman Video	SEM Video	ED-XRF Video
Determination of the authenticity and country of origin of a gemstone is based on the testing of the chemical and physical properties of the gemstone under investigation and its internal characteristics (e.g. inclusions and growth structures) using standard gemological instruments and modern analytical instruments including spectrometers. The conclusion on the country of origin, authenticity, and treatment of gemstones is an opinion of the laboratory based on the direct comparison of the findings with those obtained from the analyses of reference materials, as well as those in published literature. This knowledge is continuously updated by the laboratory to the extent reasonably possible.
Mogok Video	Primary Mine Video	Alluvial Mine Video	Mogok Ruby Video
Burma Sapphire Video	Inclusion in Burma Sapphire Video	Inclusion in Burma Star Sapphire Video	Inclusion in Sri Lanka Sapphire Video
More Videos Videos from our Mobile Website (website is in 6 languages)   Mines Luc Yen primary and secondary ruby mine, North Vietnam. Lam Dong sapphire mine in South Vietnam. Ilakaka sapphire mine, Madagascar. Kashmir sapphire mine, Northern India Mogok (video 1): primary (video 2) and alluvial (video 3) ruby mines, Burma (Myanmar) Burma Sapphiresprimary and alluvial secondary deposits Kan mineAlluvial sapphire mine, Kanchanaburi, Thailand Finding quartz crystals in the Alps Peridot from Burma(hydrothermal) Peridot from volcanic island (Lanzarote) Alexandrite and emeralds from Russia (Ural) Demantoid from Russia (Ural)   Synthetics Production of synthetic diamonds in Novosibirsk, Russia Production of hydrothermal rubies and sapphires in Novosibirsk, Russia Synthetic hydrothermal quartz crystals in Novosibirsk, Russia   Technical Raman spectroscopy SEM Scanning Electron Microscopy (GEO-GRL Micro Analytics GmbH) ED-XRF, chemical testing Heating-Freezing of fluid inclusions Primary and secondary fluid inclusions (classification)   Gemstones Mogok Ruby Burma Sapphire Best viewed using Microsoft Internet Explorer version 5 or later